Ocular Infections and Treatments

Ocular infections encompass a range of serious conditions — from keratitis, an inflammation of the cornea often triggered by bacteria, fungi, or parasites, to endophthalmitis, a severe infection of the interior of the eye that can follow cataract surgery or intravitreal injections and carries a real risk of permanent vision loss. Understanding which microorganisms cause these infections, how they vary across populations and clinical settings, and how resistance to antibiotics is shifting the landscape of treatment options are central concerns for researchers and clinicians alike. Advances in characterizing the conjunctival microbiome and the microbial spectrum associated with post-procedural infections have improved prophylactic strategies, yet fungal keratitis remains difficult to diagnose promptly and treat effectively, particularly in low-resource settings where it is most prevalent. Open questions persist around optimal antibiotic stewardship, the long-term consequences of resistance patterns emerging in ocular pathogens, and how to better tailor empirical treatment when culture results are delayed or unavailable.

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Keywords

EndophthalmitisKeratitisOcular InfectionsAntibiotic ResistanceFungal KeratitisCataract Surgery