Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology

Nutrition support therapy examines how clinicians deliver adequate nourishment to patients who cannot eat normally, using either enteral nutrition—feeding directly into the gastrointestinal tract—or parenteral nutrition administered intravenously when the gut is compromised or fails entirely. In critically ill patients, getting this balance right has measurable consequences: underfeeding impairs recovery and immune function, while overfeeding can worsen metabolic stress and organ strain, making precise assessment of a patient's actual metabolic rate a central clinical challenge. Researchers are actively investigating whether specific nutrients such as glutamine confer meaningful immune and recovery benefits in intensive care settings, and how immunonutrition strategies should be tailored to different patient populations. Long-term questions persist around optimizing home parenteral nutrition for patients with chronic intestinal failure, including short bowel syndrome, where the goal is sustaining quality of life while minimizing serious complications like liver injury and infection.

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Keywords

Nutrition Support TherapyCritical CareEnteral NutritionParenteral NutritionIntestinal FailureGlutamine