Acne and Rosacea Treatments and Effects

Acne vulgaris and rosacea are among the most prevalent chronic skin conditions worldwide, arising from a combination of sebaceous gland dysfunction, immune-mediated inflammation, and microbial activity—particularly the role of *Propionibacterium acnes* in triggering inflammatory cascades within hair follicles. Researchers investigate how these processes interact across different patient populations and disease severities, drawing on epidemiological data to understand who is affected and why. A central challenge is the growing resistance of *P. acnes* to conventional antibiotics, which has pushed the field toward alternatives such as photodynamic therapy, topical retinoids, and targeted anti-inflammatory agents. Open questions remain around why some patients develop persistent or treatment-resistant disease, and how the gut-skin axis and hormonal signaling contribute to the underlying pathogenesis of both conditions.

Works

47,639

Total citations

459,461

Keywords

Acne VulgarisRosaceaPropionibacterium AcnesPathogenesisTreatmentInflammation