Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer

Nanofluids are engineered suspensions of metallic or ceramic nanoparticles in conventional base liquids such as water or ethylene glycol, designed to push beyond the thermal conductivity limits of ordinary coolants. In biomedical engineering, they are studied for applications ranging from targeted hyperthermia cancer treatment to improved heat dissipation in miniaturized diagnostic devices, where precise thermal control at small scales is critical. Researchers are actively investigating how particle size, concentration, and surface chemistry interact to govern convective heat transport, and how external magnetic fields can be used to actively tune flow behavior in hybrid nanofluids. Key open questions concern the gap between theoretically predicted and experimentally measured conductivity enhancements, as well as the long-term stability and biocompatibility of nanoparticle suspensions under realistic physiological conditions.

Works

92,784

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2,045,999

Keywords

NanofluidsHeat TransferThermal ConductivityConvective TransportEnhancementExperimental Investigation