Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer

Nanofluids are engineered suspensions of metallic or ceramic nanoparticles in conventional base liquids like water or blood plasma, designed to carry heat more efficiently than either component alone. In biomedical engineering, they are studied for applications ranging from targeted hyperthermia cancer treatment to the thermal management of implantable devices, where controlling heat transport at small scales can be the difference between therapeutic effect and tissue damage. Researchers are actively working to understand why measured thermal conductivity enhancements often exceed what classical models predict, and how external magnetic fields can be used to steer and tune nanoparticle behavior in biological fluids. Quantifying the long-term stability, biocompatibility, and viscosity trade-offs of these suspensions under physiologically realistic flow conditions remains an open and pressing challenge.

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91,790

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Keywords

NanofluidsHeat TransferThermal ConductivityConvective TransportEnhancementExperimental Investigation