Legal Studies and Policies

Law shapes the rules that govern how individuals, corporations, and states interact, and legal research tries to understand both what those rules are and what they ought to be. Scholars in this space draw on normative methodologies to interrogate foundational principles—such as how criminal liability should extend to corporations, or how agrarian land rights in Indonesia balance customary claims against formal state ownership—while empirical approaches examine how enforcement actually works in practice, from environmental regulation to Islamic banking compliance. Active debates turn on hard coordination problems: whether existing legal frameworks can hold powerful institutions accountable without deterring legitimate activity, and how pluralist legal systems reconcile religious, customary, and statutory sources of authority. Questions about who participates in shaping law, and whose interests enforcement ultimately serves, remain genuinely unresolved and contested across jurisdictions.

Works

147,692

Total citations

261,014

Keywords

Legal ResearchNormative MethodologyCriminal LawHukum Agraria IndonesiaCorporate Criminal LiabilityEnvironmental Law Enforcement