Electrochemical sensors and biosensors

Electrochemical biosensors convert a biological or chemical event — such as glucose binding to an enzyme — into a measurable electrical signal, making it possible to detect specific molecules quickly and with high sensitivity. Much of the current research centers on integrating nanomaterials like graphene and carbon nanotubes into sensor electrodes, because these materials dramatically increase the active surface area and improve electron transfer, which in turn sharpens detection limits. A parallel line of work pursues non-enzymatic sensors that sidestep the stability problems inherent to biological catalysts, and enzymatic biofuel cells that can simultaneously harvest energy from the analyte being measured. Open questions include how to manufacture these nanomaterial-based devices consistently at scale and how to maintain sensor accuracy when deployed in complex biological fluids rather than controlled laboratory conditions.

Works

102,286

Total citations

2,406,215

Keywords

Electrochemical BiosensorsGrapheneGlucose SensorsCarbon NanotubesEnzymatic Biofuel CellsNanomaterials